Samuel j



(No Mode1.)-

-S*J.BENSON.

PIPE WRENCH.

4Patented Apr. 19,Al887.

UNrTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL J. BENSON, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

l SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 361,258, dated April19, 1887.

Application filed January 27,1887. Serial No. 225,640. (No model.)

' the city of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have inventedcertain Improvements in lipe-lrenches,y of which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification. v

My improvements relate to pipe-wrenches wherein the most desirablefeatures of different classes are 'combined and concentrated withspecial modifications of construction and action, resulting in a wrenchhaving decided practical advantages, and,when considered as herewithpresented, differing materially from any wrench known to me.

My object is to provide a wrench which can be quickly adjusted, having apositive grip, the strain and points of contact so divided thatunnecessary crushing or flattening of pipes may be avoided-a wrench inwhich the deli-` cate actuating parts areinclosed and protected fromexternal strains and blows, and having no unnecessary projections orbulging parts to interfere while operating in limited spaces, andpossessed of the essential qualities of cheapness and durability.Iattain this object by the means and mechanism described in thefollowing drawings, in which- Figurel is a longitudinal elevationshowingv the wrench as it appears when set on a pipe. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection on theline ab, Fig.

2. Fig. 4 shows a modication of the abutment and pivotal bearings. Fig.5 is a vertical cross-section on the line a b, Fig. 4.. l

Similar letters refer to corresponding parts in the different views.

The hooked lever A A forms and includes the shaped fixed jaw B on thisend of the lever, and on the edge opposite to the jaw B is a serratedrack, O. Between O and c is the guide-bar and serrated rack, theremainder, forming the necessary continuation of the lever, terminatingin any suitable hand-hold.

D is a movable sleeve sliding freely upon the lever A. At S is shown thearrangement of the abutment and pivotal bearing of the vibratingserrated jaw E, and at F is the ful- E is a jaw having a serrated face.It is pivoted, as shown, and provided with an exten sion or thumbpiece,e. Underthisisaspring, R, which forces the jaw into contact with thepipe while working. This jaw is held in place and vibrates freelybetween the sides of the movable sleeve.

G is a serrated die, formed into or properly secured within the movablesleeve, and conforms to and interlocks with the corresponding rack, O,on the lever, which is located upon the lever on the end opposite to thehandle, and on that edge of the lever opposite to and farthest from thefixed jaw B.

At J is a spring to keep the serrated face on the lever at C and theserrations G in the movable' sleeve in contact and to facilitate theadjustment of the wrench.

From F, on the angle of the dotted line to d, a small open space isshown between the sleeve and lever, which allows room for aprying actionresulting from the thrust of the jaw E, the strain and movement being inpart transferred to and turning upon a fulcrum-poiut at F, thus pullingand prying the serrations C and G into firmer contact and increasing andassuring the certainty of the grip of the sleeve upon the lever. Thesleeve vibrates upon this fulcrum-point F when the wrench isbeingadjusted to or removed from a pipe or other object.

Figs. 4 and 5 show the modifications above referred to. i The differenceresults and grows out of whetherthe serrated vibrating jaw E moves uponan internal or external pivotal bearing at S. The views and lett-ersabove given apply to corresponding parts. In using the internal bearing,Acast solid in the sleeve, the hub of the jaw E would be slotted topermit it to pass over and engage with the bearing at S, as shown.

The operation is as follows: The wrench is firmly grasped around theneck of the movable sleeve D, inclosing the extension e of the j aw E,which raises or throws outward the Serrated end of the jaw E. Thehandleof thelever A being held in theother hand, a slight rocking movement inopposite directions releases ICO the interlocking serrations of thelever and sleeve, when the sleeve may be slid at will upon the lever, inorder to remove it from or to adj ust it upon a pipe or other suitableobposite edge and the sanie end of the lever, in combination with themovable sleeve D, having midway between its ends a fllcrum by which itvibrates upon the inner edge of the lever A, and carrying and inclosingthe pivoted serrated jaw E, the springs R and J, and serrations G.

SAMUEL J. BENSON. Vitnesses:

N. D. ADAMS, BENJ. F. GARDNER.

